The topic for my lecturette is Abrogation of Article 370 in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The move was also accompanied by a number of other measures, including the bifurcation of the state into three union territories which are Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh. While state hood of Jammu and Kashmir would be restored after stabilisation Ladakh would remain an Union Territory.
Article 370 of the Indian Constitution granted special status to the state of Jammu and Kashmir, which allowed it to have its own constitution, flag, and the power to make its own laws. On August 5, 2019, the Indian government abrogated Article 370 through a Presidential Order, effectively revoking the special status granted to Jammu and Kashmir.
Impact of Abrogation of Article 370 of Indian Constitution
Supporters of the move argued that it would help in the integration of Jammu and Kashmir with the rest of India and boost its economic development. However, opponents argued that the move was unconstitutional and violated the rights of the people of Jammu and Kashmir. The impact of the abrogation of Article 370 on terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir is a complex issue and opinions are divided. In my talk let me try to analyse the long term impact of the move.
Impact of Abrogation of Article 370 on Fighting Terrorists in Jammu and Kashmir
Supporters of the move argue that it will help in the fight against terrorism by allowing the Indian government to more effectively monitor and control the situation in the region. They argue that the special status granted under Article 370 had been misused by separatist groups to fuel terrorism and violence. Opponents of the move argue that the abrogation of Article 370 has actually increased the threat of terrorism in the region. They expect that the move would be met with widespread protests, which could fuel further unrest and radicalization.
Notwithstanding the different theories on terror, we are aware that the problem is more because of radicalisation due to the external influence of Pakistan rather than any major unrest because of aborgation. Another aspect is that the support for terrorists by local politicians has reduced considerably after aborgation of article 370. This has helped our security forces in tackling the menace more effectively.
We can easily conclude that the pressure on terrorists as well as supporters of terror, have increased considerably after abrogation of Article 370. Surgical strikes by the Indian Army and Indian Airforce have sent a clear message to Pakistan that India would no more tolerate their interference in our internal affairs.
In addition, De-Monetisation and digitisation of Indian economy has also brought about transparency in money trail to the terrorists. We can also see that central agencies like Enforcement Directorate and National Investigative Agency are actively involved in cutting off the money suppy to terrorists.
Impact of Abrogation of Article 370 on Foreign Relations
The abrogation of Article 370, has had significant implications for India’s foreign relations. Many countries have reacted in a clearly expected manner to the abrogation. The reactions are clearly based on their self-intrest rather than any concern about the people of Jammu and Kashmir.
Foreign Relations with Pakistan and China
The move was vehemently opposed by Pakistan, which downgraded diplomatic ties with India and suspended bilateral trade. Pakistan has also raised the issue at international forums, including the United Nations.The abrogation of Article 370 also impacted India’s relationship with China. China, which has a territorial dispute with India, raised objections to the reorganization of the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories. China also voiced concerns about the potential impact of the move on its territorial claims in the region.
Foreign Relations with the United States of America (USA)
The United States initially expressed concern over the abrogation of Article 370 and the restrictions placed on the people of Jammu and Kashmir. However, it later backed India’s position on the issue, with President Donald Trump calling for India and Pakistan to resolve the issue through bilateral negotiations.
Foreign Relations with other countries
Other countries, including Russia, France, and the United Kingdom, also expressed concern over the situation in Jammu and Kashmir. However, they had backed out later and did not take any strong position on the issue. Although the abrogation of Article 370 has had significant implications for India’s foreign relations, India will need to navigate these relationships carefully to maintain stability in the region.
Developmental activities in Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh
Since the abrogation of Article 370, the Indian government has undertaken several development activities in Jammu and Kashmir. These are some of the prominent developmental projects in J&K. Let us see a few examples of the development activities that have been undertaken in Jammu and Kashmir since the abrogation of Article 370.
Infrastructure development in Roads, Railways and Tunnels
The government has allocated significant funds to improve infrastructure in the region, including the construction of roads, bridges, and tunnels. For instance, the government has completed the Zojila Pass tunnel project, which will improve connectivity between Srinagar and Leh.
Tourism Development in Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh
The government has taken several steps to promote tourism in the region, including the development of new tourist destinations and promotion of adventure sports. The government has also provided financial assistance to tourism-related businesses affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Education and Healthcare development in the region
The government has launched several initiatives to improve education and healthcare in the region. The government has established several new schools and colleges, and has recruited new doctors and healthcare professionals to improve access to medical care.
Industrial development in Kashmir
The government has taken steps to promote industrial development in the region, including the establishment of new industrial parks and investment incentives for businesses. The government has also announced plans to establish a new IT hub in the region. The government has launched several initiatives to generate employment opportunities in the region. These include skill development programs, startup incubators, and incentives for entrepreneurs.
Message to the Audience
The abrogation of Article 370 of the Indian Constitution on August 5, 2019, which had granted a special status to Jammu and Kashmir, has had significant implications on many aspects like control over terrorism, foreign relations as well as development of Kashmir. Notwithstanding all the arguments, India has clearly sent a message that Jammu and Kashmir is an integral part of our country and we would take all possible measures to ensure the stability and development of the region.